SITUATION

Migration patterns seem to constitute a fundamental problem for today’s world and a determinant issue for tomorrow’s world. Both are tightly linked to each other and depend on the evolution of world geopolitics in their political, sociologic and demographic aspects. According to the UN Secretary General’s report on international migrations and development, submitted in 2006 [1], the world would count around 200 million migrants. The third has moved from a developing country to another one, and another third has moved from a developing country to a developed one. The highest immigration rates exist in Gulf countries: 90% in the United Arab Emirates, 86% in Qatar, 82% in Kuwait.

• For the States, the immigration phenomenon allows facing the deficit of births and even ensures a sufficient quantity or quality of work labor.
• For migrants, emigration might have one or several reasons : professional reasons (long-time mission abroad) and studies ; political reasons (political refugee who flees persecutions) ; security reasons, namely in the event of war in the homeland; economic (an inhabitant of a poor country, who seeks betters living standards in rich countries, for a temporary period eventually) ; personal reasons (the desire to reside in a given country, for instance if one adapts to its values and traditions); familial reasons(to join the partner, the child being already there) ; fiscal reasons (taking residence in a country that offers a lower tax level)